Molecular Machines

SERCA calcium pump

The 28 review prompts from the notes on SERCA calcium pump. Answer each in your head, then reveal it. Your grade decides when the card comes back.

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  1. What job does SERCA do in a muscle cell after each contraction?

  2. SERCA burns one ATP to push blank calcium ions out of the cytoplasm.

  3. Which SERCA domain holds the aspartate that accepts the phosphoryl group from ATP?

  4. What part of ATP does SERCA's N domain bind?

  5. What does SERCA's A (actuator) domain drive when it tilts against the membrane helices?

  6. How does phospholamban change the cardiac SERCA pump?

  7. Why is the activator DWORF seen as a safer way to boost SERCA than removing phospholamban?

  8. What is the state of SERCA2a gene transfer as a treatment for heart failure?

  1. In SERCA's calcium-free E1 state, one Mg2+ sits in a calcium site. What does it block until calcium arrives?

  2. What does ATP binding do to SERCA's N and P domains?

  3. When SERCA phosphorylates itself, what stops the bound calcium from flowing back to the cytoplasm?

  4. In SERCA, the change from E1P to E2P after blank opens the exit path for calcium to the lumen.

  5. After SERCA releases its two calcium ions to the lumen, what binds the empty sites?

  6. SERCA's phosphoenzyme is hydrolysed through the conserved blank motif, by the same associative chemistry as the forward transfer.

  7. In SERCA's calcium-free E2 state, the three cytoplasmic domains gather into blank.

  1. At rest, the SERCA pumps hold about blank times more free calcium inside the sarcoplasmic reticulum than in the muscle cytosol.

  2. Why is one ATP enough to pay for SERCA pushing two calcium ions up the SR gradient?

  3. In resting mouse muscle, SERCA accounts for about blank of the muscle's oxygen use.

  4. In mouse heart muscle cells, SERCA removes about blank of each beat's calcium.

  5. SERCA is often compared to an airlock whose two doors never open together. Where does that analogy break?

  6. How does SERCA switch myosin off at the end of a contraction?

  1. How did Yu and Inesi (1995) measure SERCA's calcium-per-ATP ratio?

  2. Why is two calcium ions per ATP the best case for SERCA rather than a fixed rule?

  3. After SERCA's calcium uptake into vesicles levelled off, ATP splitting went on. Thapsigargin stopped it, and no calcium leaked out. What did this show?

  4. In reconstituted proteoliposomes, SERCA moved blank H+ out of the lumen for each Ca2+ moved in.

  5. When purified phospholamban was added to SERCA, how did it change the pump's ATP splitting?

  6. Why did thapsigargin become a standard tool for blocking SERCA?

  7. How did Heegaard and colleagues show that a single SERCA chain can pump calcium on its own?

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